Long-distance relay magnetic telephone.



.|. NEssEL a J. F. Goum.

Patented luly I6, |90I.

LONG DISTANCE RELAY MAGNETIC TELEPHONE.

(Applicltion Bled Apr. 14, 1900.)

2 Sheets-#Shoot l.

i? A www No. 678,509. Patented lluly I6, 190|.

Y J. NESSEL & J. F. GOUIN.

LUNE DISTANCE RELAY MAGNETIC TELEPHONE. (Aypumion med Apr. 14, 1900.)

(No Nudel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

l, SN

UNITE' STATES ATENT trice.

LONG-DISTANCE RELAY MAGNETIC TELEPHONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 678,509, dated July 16, 1901.

Application tiled April 14, 1900.

T0 if/ZZ whom, it may concer-11,:

Be it known that we, JACQUES NESSEL and JEAN-FRDRIC GOUIN, citizens of the Republic of France, and residents of 17 Rue Arago, Brest, France, have'invented certain Improvements in Long-Distance Relay Magnetic Telephones, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to long-distance relay magnetic telephones for ordinary and submarine use.

As is'well known, when speaking in front of the disk of a magnetic telephone of any kind an undulatory or induced current is immediately produced, the receiver at the other station reproducing the vibrations of the transmitter under the inuence of this current. y

In order that our invention may be readily understood, we will describe the same, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section our form of relay. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the same. Fig. 3 shows a modification of Fig. l, and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View of a telephone-line according to our system. Fig. 5 represents a desirable modification of the diaphragm of the relay.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, A is the transmitting-station, B the relaystation, and C the other terminal station. At B instead of applying the receiver to the ear it is placed in front of an exactly similar instrument, the vibrating diskv of which has been previously removed. When the magnets have been suitably adjusted, if conversation takes place from A the disk at B will vibrate equally upon one side as upon the other,.and these vibrations will give rise in the circuit of the added telephone to a fresh current which `in its turn will act upon the disk at C. What has been effected then is to replace the ear receiving the message in ordinary circuits by a second telephone, communication having taken place from A to g/ through B, where the line-wires are interr e ed, each extremity being run to earth, passing through the bobbins and the body of the instrument or relay B.

As shown in Fig. 1, the cable t enters the through relay and is connected to the bobbins by Serial No. 12,789. (No model.)

means of the terminals 1m. From the bobbins the cable is connected. to earth by means of the terminals 0 o and the outer casing a of the relay.

This instrument consists of three essential partsthat is to say, the body or casing a., of cast metal, constructed, preferably, of torpedo shape and consisting of four parts united by bolts. The cable b passes in at each extremity of the apparatus through a hermetic joint c. The wires d of the armor of the cable, if this latter is a coast or medium size cable, leave the cable where it enters the relay and are united upon the median circumference of the double-cone body or casing a in such a manner as to be firmly fixed beneath the screws e, which are arranged for this purpose upon the opposite cone. Above these wires and around the circumference of the body of the apparatus a ligature f is formed at intervals in such a manner as to constitute a rigid Whole and obviate all likelihood yof-rupture.

In the cast-metal casing two apertures 7L are formed to admit of the passage of the melted paraflin which is used to fill the spaces between the two casings, and thus insure more perfect insulation.

If the apparatus is to be employed for the purpose of connecting two overhead lines one with the other,`a wooden casing of any su'itable kind may be employed.

The second essential portion of the appa rat-us is a brass casing g, which is also hermetically closed and contains the relay.

The third essential feature of the appararatus consists'ofy an assemblage of several magnets m, provided with bobbins i. These magnets are arranged opposite one another and separated by means of one or more vibrating disks k.

A simple or single acting apparatus com prises only one plate 7c between the magnets, (see Fig. 1,) while the double-acting form of apparatus is provided with two plates la 7o. (See Fig. 3.) The magnets may be placed posite one another by poles of like or op nposite sign. Each of these methods presents its *advantages and disadvantages. In the first case the magnetic field is intense, but confused. In the second case demagnetization is possible. In order to obviate these defects, we adopt a combined form in which IOO the two magnetic iields are absolutely separated one from the other. Vith this object We provide an assemblage of two plates or disks 7s 7.3', Fig. 3, magnetically insulated one from the other by an interval of one centimeter, which is maintained by means of a collar in, which separates them. A nut l, of non-magnetic material, maintains absolute parallelism.

Numerous experiments have led us to triplicate the thickness of the disks or diaphragm s by means of annular plates of metal 7a2, Fig. 5, arranged on each side at the center of said diaphragms. This addition does not sensibly detract from the energy of their vibration and conserves the lines of ltorce of the magnet in agreater measure.

In the case of the application of a single plate k, such as that shown in Eig. l, the collar ym is removed.

The apparatus constructed in accordance with our invention presents many advantages over similar appliances as heretofore constructed.

Our form of relay is especially applicable to submarine lines.

IIaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature ot our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what We claim isl. In a longdistancetelephone relay, the combination of a hermetically-closed inner non-magnetic casin g, energizing-magnets and diaphragm inclosed thereby, earth-terminals on said casing to which the bobbins of the magnets are connected, a hermetically-closed outer casing inclosing said inner casing, oonductors extending from said terminals to said outer casing, and a chamber separating said casings and adapted to receive a filling or packing of insulating material, as paraffin.

2. The combination of the inner hermetically-closed casing, the diaphragm and magnets Itherein, the outer hermetically-closed double-cone-shaped casing, electrical connections extending from said magnets to the outer casing, and a divided cable the conductors of which enter the opposite ends of the outer casing and are connected to the magnets inclosed in the inner casing, and the armor of which is carried over the outer casing and secured to the cones thereof.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands this 29th day of March, 1900.

JACQUES NESSEL. JEAN FREDERIC GOUIN. lVitnesses:

LoUIs BACHELOR, EDWARD P. MACLEAN. 

